做了近视手术能管一辈子吗?
“近视眼手术后还可能近视”这个话题曾冲上热搜,很多小伙伴有疑问,做近视手术难道不是一劳永逸吗?为什么还会再次近视?为此,记者采访了北京爱尔眼科医院熊宁院长,请她“揭秘”做了近视手术能不能管一辈子。
熊宁院长介绍,全飞秒、半飞秒、准分子激光近视手术或者ICL晶体植入术等并不是把近视治愈了。激光近视手术是通过精确控制的激光切削角膜,形成一个“凹透镜”。可以理解为在患者自己的角膜上磨出一副适合的“镜片”,使外界光线准确地会聚在视网膜上,从而达到矫正近视的目的。而ICL晶体植入术是将一枚柔软、安全的人工晶状体植入眼球内,可以理解为在眼睛里植入了一枚隐形眼镜,从而帮助患者获得优越的视觉体验。
一般而言,成年后近视度数会趋于稳定。只要在近视手术后遵循医嘱,规范合理用眼,近视手术后再次近视的机率是非常低的。但如果不科学用眼,如经常熬夜打游戏、通宵追剧等,眼轴可能继续变长,原本手术制作的“凹透镜”或植入的“隐形眼镜”无法使光线会聚在视网膜上,那就会再次近视。
如何避免手术后再次近视?
熊宁院长建议:首先,手术后需注意防护。术后一个月内出门最好戴上偏光镜,专用偏光镜能消除虚影,减轻术后的畏光现象,有效保护眼睛,并且可以减少紫外线对眼睛的伤害;室内佩戴护目镜(自行决定),防止眼睛受到意外碰撞;夜间入睡佩戴眼罩(2周),防止在睡梦中揉搓眼睛。其次,避免过度用眼。养成良好的用眼习惯,术后1周至1个月是视力趋于稳定的关键时期,建议少看电视、电脑及手机,尤其是不要关灯看手机。另外,坚持“202020”护眼法则,即每20分钟向20英尺远的地方看20秒,避免让眼睛陷入疲劳状态,保持良好生活作息。
熊宁院长还建议,术后一年内复查6次,分别是术后一天、术后一周、术后一月、术后6个月和术后一年,有助于医生实时跟踪恢复情况,从而提出针对性的科学用眼建议。
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