3、念珠菌性外阴阴道炎（霉菌性阴道炎） 科普指南
念珠菌性外阴阴道炎（俗称“霉菌性阴道炎”）是由白色念珠菌（一种真菌）过度繁殖引起的外阴及阴道炎症，是女性常见的阴道感染之一。约75%的女性一生中至少患过一次，部分人可能反复发作。
为什么会得病？
菌群失衡：阴道内正常乳酸菌减少，念珠菌过度生长。
诱因：
– 长期使用抗生素（破坏阴道菌群）。
– 妊娠、糖尿病（血糖高促进真菌生长）。
– 免疫力低下（如HIV、长期用免疫抑制剂）。
– 穿紧身化纤内裤、卫生巾更换不及时。
– 过度冲洗阴道（破坏酸性环境）。
治疗方法
局部用药（首选轻度感染）
– 注意事项：
– 性伴侣通常无需治疗（除非有症状）。
– 用药期间避免性生活，疗程结束后复查。
预防复发小贴士
– 保持干燥透气：穿纯棉内裤，避免久坐、紧身裤。
– 正确清洁：清水清洗外阴即可，勿冲洗阴道，护理产品也是起到辅助作用，例如红核妇洁洗液。
– 合理用药：避免滥用抗生素或激素。
– 控制血糖：糖尿病患者需稳定血糖。
– 增强免疫力：均衡饮食、规律作息。
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